Analog Electronics-1|| Unit 1 Review of diode and BJT, Bias Stabilization (Part 1)

Diode:

A diode is a semiconductor device with two terminals typically allowing the flow of current in one direction only. A diode can be termed as a harmonic valve having two electrodes i.e. anode and cathode. it is a to terminal electronic component that conducts current primarily in one direction only due to having low resistance in one direction and higher resistance in the other. A cathode that is normally marked with silver band. 

Pic 1: Diode Figure

* Diode is a polarized device biasing of diode decides its working,

- Forward Biasing:

In forward biasing the voltage potential is connected i.e. positive terminal to the p-type material and negative the n-type material across the diode which has the effect of decreasing the PN junction width allowing the charges to flow.

Pic 2: Forward and Reverse bias

- Reverse biasing:

While on the other hand in reverse biasing the voltage potential that is the positive terminal is connected to the n type material and the negative is connected the p-type material resulting into the effect of increasing the width of PN junction diode. 

Usually most of the diodes works only in case of forward biasing, Examples of diodes are

1. Zener diode - these are used to regulate voltage.

2. Avalanche diode - these are used to protect circuits from high voltage surges.

3. Varactor diodes - these are used to electronically tune the radio and TV receivers.

4. Tunnel/Gunn/IMPATT diodes - generally these are used to generate radio frequency oscillations.

5. LEDs - the most common among diodes the LEDs are used to produce light.

* Uses:

Diode can be used as rectifier, signal limiters, signal imitators, voltage regulators, switches, signal modulators, signal mixtures, signal demodulators and oscillators. Fundamental property of diode is its tendency to conduct electric current in only one direction. 

Further we will talk about BJT is that is Bipolar Junction Transistor in our next article.

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